ISO 9000 คืออะไร
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ISO 14001, like other ISO 14000 standards, is voluntary , with its main aim to assist companies in continually improving their environmental performance and complying with any applicable legislation. Other procedures are required to foster better management control over elements such as documentation control, emergency preparedness and response, and the education of employees, to ensure that they can competently implement the necessary processes and record results. Retrieved 29 November 2017. It also includes several new updates all aimed at making environmental management more comprehensive and relevant to the supply chain.
The standard can be applied to a variety of levels in the business, from the organizational level down to the product and service level. มาตรฐานระบบการจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อม ISO 14001 ISO 14001 คือ มาตรฐานระบบการจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อม Environmental management System ซึ่งเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของมาตรฐานการจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อม ISO 14000 ที่ใช้เป็นแนวทางให้องค์กรหรือหน่วยงานสามารถจัดระบบการจัดการของตนเพื่อให้บรรลุนโยบายด้านสิ่งแวดล้อมที่กำหนดไว้ ดังนั้นระบบการจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อมจึงเป็นระบบที่มีโครงสร้างหน้าที่ ความรับผิดชอบที่ชัดเจน มีวิธีการ กระบวนการและทรัพยากรอย่างเพียงพอในการดำเนินการ ภายใต้หลักเกณฑ์ คือ การวางแผน Planning การนำแผนไปปฏิบัติ Doing การตรวจสอบ Checking และการ ทบทวน Action ระบบการจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อมหรือ ISO 14001 จึงเป็นมาตรฐานสากลที่มีความสำคัญต่อการพัฒนาองค์กรให้ก้าวหน้าและเป็นที่ยอมรับทั้งในเชิงพาณิชย์และสังคม เนื่องจากการดำเนินการของระบบจะช่วยให้องค์กรสามารถวางนโยบายและวัตถุประสงค์ ข้อกำหนด กฎระเบียบต่าง ๆ ด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม รวมถึงองค์กรสามารถควบคุมและแก้ไขปัญหาต่าง ๆ อันอาจจะส่งผลกระทบต่อสิ่งแวดล้อมตลอดจนกระบวนการทำงานอื่น ๆ ได้ การที่องค์กรมีความมุ่งมั่นและนำระบบการจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อมหรือ ISO 14001 มาใช้นั้น ก็จะทำให้องค์กรได้รับประโยชน์อย่างมากในฐานะที่เข้าไปมีบทบาทสำคัญต่อการป้องกันและแก้ไขปัญหาสิ่งแวดล้อมทั้งในระดับ องค์กรและสังคมภายนอก ซึ่งประโยชน์ที่องค์กรจะได้รับจากการนำระบบ ISO 14001 ไปปฏิบัติ เช่น 1. Complementarities and differences ISO 14001's EMS requirements are similar to those of EMAS. Note 2 to entry: Uncertainty is the state, even partial, of deficiency of information related to, understanding or knowledge of, an event, its consequence, or likelihood.
ISO 9000 คืออะไร - This includes establishing procedures and processes, although only one documented procedure is specifically related to operational control. Archived from PDF on 28 July 2011.
ISO 14000 is a family of standards related to that exists to help organizations a minimize how their operations processes, etc. As with ISO 9001, certification is performed by third-party organizations rather than being awarded by ISO directly. The and audit standards apply when audits are being performed. The requirements of ISO 14001 are an integral part of the 's EMAS. EMAS's structure and material are more demanding, mainly concerning performance improvement, legal compliance, and reporting duties. The current version of ISO 14001 is ISO 14001:2015, which was published in September 2015. See also: In March 1992, published the world's first environmental management systems standard, BS 7750, as part of a response to growing concerns about protecting the environment. Prior to this, environmental management had been part of larger systems such as. BS 7750 supplied the template for the development of the ISO 14000 series in 1996, which has representation from ISO committees all over the world. As of 2017 , more than 300,000 certifications to ISO 14001 can be found in 171 countries. Prior to the development of the ISO 14000 series, organizations voluntarily constructed their own EMSs, but this made comparisons of environmental effects between companies difficult; therefore, the universal ISO 14000 series was developed. Other standards in this series include ISO 14004, which gives additional guidelines for a good EMS, and more specialized standards dealing with specific aspects of environmental management. The series includes the ISO 14001 standard, which provides guidelines for the establishment or improvement of an EMS. The standard shares many common traits with its predecessor, ISO 9000, the international standard of quality management , which served as a model for its internal structure , and both can be implemented side by side. ISO 14001 defines criteria for an EMS. It does not state requirements for environmental performance but rather maps out a framework that a company or organization can follow to set up an effective EMS. It can be used by any organization that wants to improve resource efficiency, reduce waste, and reduce costs. Using ISO 14001 can provide assurance to company management and employees as well as external stakeholders that environmental impact is being measured and improved. ISO 14001 can also be integrated with other management functions and assists companies in meeting their environmental and economic goals. ISO 14001, like other ISO 14000 standards, is voluntary , with its main aim to assist companies in continually improving their environmental performance and complying with any applicable legislation. The organization sets its own targets and performance measures, and the standard highlights what an organization needs to do to meet those goals, and to monitor and measure the situation. The standard does not focus on measures and goals of environmental performance, but of the organization. The standard can be applied to a variety of levels in the business, from the organizational level down to the product and service level. ISO 14001 is known as a generic management system standard, meaning that it is relevant to any organization seeking to improve and manage resources more effectively. The current version is ISO 14001:2015, and certified organizations were given a three-year transition period to adapt their environmental management system to the new edition of the standard. The new version of ISO 14001 focuses on the improvement of environmental performance rather than the improvement of the management system itself. It also includes several new updates all aimed at making environmental management more comprehensive and relevant to the supply chain. One of the main updates asks organizations to consider environmental impact during the entire life cycle, although there is no requirement to actually complete a life cycle analysis. Additionally, the commitments of top management and the methods of evaluating compliance have also been strengthened. Another significant change linked ISO 14001 to the general management system structure, introduced in 2015, called the High Level Structure. Both ISO 9001 and 14001 use this same structure, making implementation and auditing more uniform. The new standard also requires the holder of the certificate to specify risks and opportunities and how to address them. Basic principles and methodology The PDCA cycle The basic principles of ISO 14001 are based on the well-known PDCA cycle. This review assists the organization in establishing their environmental objectives, goals, and targets which should ideally be measurable ; helps with the development of control and management procedures and processes; and serves to highlight any relevant legal requirement, which can then be built into the policy. Do: Implement the processes During this stage, the organization identifies the resources required and works out those members of the organization responsible for the EMS' implementation and control. This includes establishing procedures and processes, although only one documented procedure is specifically related to operational control. Other procedures are required to foster better management control over elements such as documentation control, emergency preparedness and response, and the education of employees, to ensure that they can competently implement the necessary processes and record results. Communication and participation across all levels of the organization, especially top management, is a vital part of the implementation phase, with the effectiveness of the EMS being dependent on active involvement from all employees. In addition, internal audits are conducted at planned intervals to ascertain whether the EMS meets the user's expectations and whether the processes and procedures are being adequately maintained and monitored. Act: Take action to improve performance of EMS based on results After the checking stage, a management review is conducted to ensure that the objectives of the EMS are being met, the extent to which they are being met, and that communications are being appropriately managed. Additionally, the review evaluates changing circumstances, such as legal requirements, in order to make recommendations for further improvement of the system. These recommendations are incorporated through continual improvement: plans are renewed or new plans are made, and the EMS moves forward. Continual Improvement Process CI ISO 14001 encourages a company to continually improve its environmental performance. Overall, the CI concept expects the organization to gradually move away from merely operational environmental measures towards a more strategic approach on how to deal with environmental challenges. Benefits ISO 14001 was developed primarily to assist companies with a framework for better management control, which can result in reducing their environmental impacts. In addition to improvements in performance, organizations can reap a number of economic benefits, including higher conformance with legislative and regulatory requirements by adopting the ISO standard. Secondly, as an internationally recognized standard, businesses operating in multiple locations across the globe can leverage their conformance to ISO 14001, eliminating the need for multiple registrations or certifications. Thirdly, there has been a push in the last decade by consumers for companies to adopt better internal controls, making the incorporation of ISO 14001 a smart approach for the long-term viability of businesses. This in turn can have a positive impact on a company's asset value Van der Deldt, 1997. It can lead to improved public perceptions of the business, placing them in a better position to operate in the international marketplace. The use of ISO 14001 can demonstrate an innovative and forward-thinking approach to customers and prospective employees. In some markets it can potentially reduce public liability insurance costs. It can also serve to reduce trade barriers between registered businesses. There is growing interest in including certification to ISO 14001 in tenders for public-private partnerships for infrastructure renewal. Evidence of value in terms of environmental quality and benefit to the taxpayer has been shown in highway projects in Canada. If all the elements of ISO 14001 are incorporated into the management process, the organization may opt to prove that it has achieved full alignment or conformity with the international standard, ISO 14001, by using one of four recognized options. ISO does not control conformity assessment; its mandate is to develop and maintain standards. ISO has a neutral policy on conformity assessment in so much that one option is not better than the next. Each option serves different market needs. The adopting organization decides which option is best for them, in conjunction with their market needs. This is not an acceptable reference under ISO terms and definitions, for it can lead to confusion in the market. The user is responsible for making their own determination. Option two is often referred to as a customer or 2nd-party audit, which is an acceptable market term. Option three is an independent third-party process by an organization that is based on an engagement activity and delivered by specially trained practitioners. This option was based on an accounting procedure branded as the EnviroReady Report, which was created to help small- and medium-sized organizations. Its development was originally based on the Canadian Handbook for Accountants; it is now based on an international accounting standard. The fourth option, certification, is another independent third-party process, which has been widely implemented by all types of organizations. Certification is also known in some countries as registration. Service providers of certification or registration are accredited by national accreditation services such as in the UK. In 2010, the latest Regulation EMAS III entered into force; the scheme is now globally applicable, and includes key performance indicators and a range of further improvements. As of April 2017 , more than 3,900 organizations and approximately 9,200 sites are EMAS registered. Complementarities and differences ISO 14001's EMS requirements are similar to those of EMAS. Research on the supply chain impact of ISO 14001 registration posited that potential positive impacts might include more proactive environmental management, higher levels of communication, higher levels of and , better , higher levels of customer relationship management, fewer issues with employee health, and a reduced number of safety incidents. This research concluded that ISO 14001 registration can be leveraged across the supply chain for competitive advantage. Retrieved 10 October 2018. Office of the German EMAS Advisory Board. Retrieved 29 November 2017. International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 29 November 2017. Complete Guide to ISO 14000. Environmental Management: How to Implement an Environmental Management System Within a Company Or Other Organisation. International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 22 May 2017. The Journal of Policy Reform. International Institute for Sustainable Development. Retrieved 29 November 2017. International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 29 November 2017. National Center for Environmental Decision-Making Research. Archived from PDF on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2017. Kontinuierliche Verbesserung im Umweltmanagement: Die KVP-Forderung der ISO 14001 in Theorie und Unternehmenspraxis. ISO 14001 and Beyond: Environmental Management Systems in the Real World. Production and Operations Management. Retrieved 29 November 2017. American Journal of Political Science. Retrieved 29 November 2017. Business Strategy and the Environment. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list.
The requirements of ISO 14001 are an integral part of the 's EMAS. ISO 14000 is a family of standards related to that exists to help organizations a minimize how their operations processes, etc. Benefits ISO 14001 was developed primarily to assist companies with a framework for better management control, which can result in reducing their environmental impacts. The use of ISO 14001 can demonstrate an innovative and forward-thinking approach to iso 14000 คือ and prospective employees. การตัดสินใจตามหลักฐานเชิงประจักษ์ การตัดสินใจที่มีประสิทธิผลจะขึ้นอยู่กับการวิเคราะห์และการแปลความหมายของข้อมูลต่างๆ ด้วยการตัดสินใจที่อยู่บนพื้นฐาน ของข้อมูลดังกล่าว องค์กรจะสามารถดำเนินการตัดสินใจต่างๆได้อย่างถูกต้องกว่า หากบริษัทต่างๆกระทำการดังนี้ให้เป็นกิจวัตร พวกเขาก็จะสามารถแสดงให้เห็นถึงประสิทธิผลของการตัดสินใจต่างๆที่ผ่านมาในอดีตได้ นี่เองที่จะสร้างความเชื่อมั่นและมั่นใจ ในการตัดสินใจต่างๆทั้งในปัจจุบันและอนาคต 8. The adopting organization decides which option is best for them, in conjunction with their market needs.
